It contains a total of 229 words and short sentences, and 49 numerals. A copy written in the 18th century by Jón Ólafsson, the original is lost. Vocabula Biscaica (" Biscayan ( Basque) words").Written in the latter part of the 17th century, a total of 16 pages containing 517 words and short sentences, and 46 numerals. Two of them were found among the documents of 18th century scholar Jón Ólafsson of Grunnavík, titled: Only a few anonymous glossaries have been found. Basques continued to sail to Iceland, but for the second half of the 17th century French and Spanish whalers are more often mentioned in Icelandic sources. In 1615, after becoming shipwrecked and getting into a conflict with the locals, Basque sailors were massacred in an event that would be known as the Slaying of the Spaniards. They started coming to Iceland around 1600. Only a few manuscripts have been found containing Basque–Icelandic glossary, and knowledge about the pidgin is limited.īasque whalers were among the first to catch whales commercially they spread to the far corners of the North Atlantic and even reached Brazil. It was named from the fact that it was written down in Iceland and translated into Icelandic. The Basque–Icelandic pidgin is thereby not a mixture between Basque and Icelandic, but between Basque and other languages. Basque entries are mixed with words from Dutch, English, French, German and Spanish. It might have developed in Westfjords, where manuscripts were written in the language, but since it had influences from many other European languages, it is more likely that it was created elsewhere and brought to Iceland by Basque sailors. It consisted of Basque, Germanic and Romance words.īasque whale hunters who sailed to the Icelandic Westfjords used the pidgin as a means of rudimentary communication with locals. The Basque–Icelandic pidgin ( Basque: Euskoislandiera, Islandiera-euskara pidgina Icelandic: Basknesk-íslenskt blendingsmál) was a Basque-based pidgin spoken in Iceland in the 17th century.
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